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Fossil Fuels - Coal, Oil and Natural Gas
There are three major forms of fossil fuels: coal, oil and natural gas. All three were formed many hundreds millions of years ago before the time of the dinosaurs - hence the name fossil fuels.
Adiabatic Process
An adiabatic process is a process in which no heat is transferred. Animation showing how gas cools if is expanded.
Ionic Bond
In chemical bonds, atoms can either transfer or share their valence electrons. In the extreme case where one or more atoms lose electrons and other atoms gain them in order to produce a noble gas ...
Helium-Neon Laser
The most common and inexpensive gas laser is the helium-neon laser and it is usually constructed to operate in the red region of light.
Graham's Law
When gases are dissolved in liquids, the relative rate of diffusion of a given gas is proportional to its solubility in the liquid and inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular mass.
Fick's Law
The net diffusion rate of a gas across a fluid membrane is proportional to the difference in partial pressure, proportional to the area of the membrane and inversely proportional to the thickness of ...
Molecular Constants
A given volume V of any ideal gas will have the same number of molecules. The mass of the gas will then be proportional to the molecular mass.
Liquid Helium
Kamerlingh Onnes worked for many years to liquify the element which persisted as a gas to the lowest temperature.
Mean Free Path
The mean free path or average distance between collisions for a gas molecule may be estimated from kinetic theory.